Merge branch 'master' into 'master'

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See merge request hwan/the-cathedral-and-the-bazaar!15

README.md

@@ -1012,21 +1012,21 @@ Further, the SNAFU principle predicts in authoritarian organizations a progressi
 
 ## Bibliography
 
-I quoted several bits from Frederick P. Brooks's classic The Mythical Man-Month because, in many respects, his insights have yet to be improved upon. I heartily recommend the 25th Anniversary edition from Addison-Wesley (ISBN 0-201-83595-9), which adds his 1986 ``No Silver Bullet'' paper.
+* (황재완) I quoted several bits from Frederick P. Brooks's classic The Mythical Man-Month because, in many respects, his insights have yet to be improved upon. I heartily recommend the 25th Anniversary edition from Addison-Wesley (ISBN 0-201-83595-9), which adds his 1986 ``No Silver Bullet'' paper.
 
-The new edition is wrapped up by an invaluable 20-years-later retrospective in which Brooks forthrightly admits to the few judgements in the original text which have not stood the test of time. I first read the retrospective after the first public version of this essay was substantially complete, and was surprised to discover that Brooks attributed bazaar-like practices to Microsoft! (In fact, however, this attribution turned out to be mistaken. In 1998 we learned from the Halloween Documents that Microsoft's internal developer community is heavily balkanized, with the kind of general source access needed to support a bazaar not even truly possible.)
+* (황재완) The new edition is wrapped up by an invaluable 20-years-later retrospective in which Brooks forthrightly admits to the few judgements in the original text which have not stood the test of time. I first read the retrospective after the first public version of this essay was substantially complete, and was surprised to discover that Brooks attributed bazaar-like practices to Microsoft! (In fact, however, this attribution turned out to be mistaken. In 1998 we learned from the Halloween Documents that Microsoft's internal developer community is heavily balkanized, with the kind of general source access needed to support a bazaar not even truly possible.)
 
-Gerald M. Weinberg's The Psychology Of Computer Programming (New York, Van Nostrand Reinhold 1971) introduced the rather unfortunately-labeled concept of ``egoless programming''. While he was nowhere near the first person to realize the futility of the ``principle of command'', he was probably the first to recognize and argue the point in particular connection with software development.
+(배민) Gerald M. Weinberg's The Psychology Of Computer Programming (New York, Van Nostrand Reinhold 1971) introduced the rather unfortunately-labeled concept of ``egoless programming''. While he was nowhere near the first person to realize the futility of the ``principle of command'', he was probably the first to recognize and argue the point in particular connection with software development.
 
 Richard P. Gabriel, contemplating the Unix culture of the pre-Linux era, reluctantly argued for the superiority of a primitive bazaar-like model in his 1989 paper ``LISP: Good News, Bad News, and How To Win Big''. Though dated in some respects, this essay is still rightly celebrated among LISP fans (including me). A correspondent reminded me that the section titled ``Worse Is Better'' reads almost as an anticipation of Linux. The paper is accessible on the World Wide Web at http://www.naggum.no/worse-is-better.html.
 
-De Marco and Lister's Peopleware: Productive Projects and Teams (New York; Dorset House, 1987; ISBN 0-932633-05-6) is an underappreciated gem which I was delighted to see Fred Brooks cite in his retrospective. While little of what the authors have to say is directly applicable to the Linux or open-source communities, the authors' insight into the conditions necessary for creative work is acute and worthwhile for anyone attempting to import some of the bazaar model's virtues into a commercial context.
+(이건희)De Marco and Lister's Peopleware: Productive Projects and Teams (New York; Dorset House, 1987; ISBN 0-932633-05-6) is an underappreciated gem which I was delighted to see Fred Brooks cite in his retrospective. While little of what the authors have to say is directly applicable to the Linux or open-source communities, the authors' insight into the conditions necessary for creative work is acute and worthwhile for anyone attempting to import some of the bazaar model's virtues into a commercial context.
 
-Finally, I must admit that I very nearly called this essay ``The Cathedral and the Agora'', the latter term being the Greek for an open market or public meeting place. The seminal ``agoric systems'' papers by Mark Miller and Eric Drexler, by describing the emergent properties of market-like computational ecologies, helped prepare me to think clearly about analogous phenomena in the open-source culture when Linux rubbed my nose in them five years later. These papers are available on the Web at http://www.agorics.com/agorpapers.html.
+(이건희)Finally, I must admit that I very nearly called this essay ``The Cathedral and the Agora'', the latter term being the Greek for an open market or public meeting place. The seminal ``agoric systems'' papers by Mark Miller and Eric Drexler, by describing the emergent properties of market-like computational ecologies, helped prepare me to think clearly about analogous phenomena in the open-source culture when Linux rubbed my nose in them five years later. These papers are available on the Web at http://www.agorics.com/agorpapers.html.
 
 ## 읽어볼 만한 글들
 
-프레드릭 브룩스 (Frederick P. Brooks) 의 고전인 [Man-Month 의 신화 (The Mythical Man-Month)]에서 몇몇 부분을 인용했다. 앞으로도 여러 관점에서 그의 통찰력을 발전시킬 수 있을 것이다. 애디슨-웨슬리(Addson-Wesley) 의 25주년 기념판 (ISBN 0-201-83595-9)을 추천한다.여기에는 그가 1986년에 쓴 글, ``은총알은 없다 (No Silver Bullet)''가 들어있다. 새 기념판은 매우 귀중한 20년 후의 회고를 담고 있다. 브룩스는 여기서 원문의 몇몇 판단이 시간이 흐름에 따라 옳지 않은 것으로 드러났다고 솔직하게 인정하고 있다. 나는 이 글을 대략 마무리 지은 후에 회고담을 읽어보았는데, 브룩스가 시장 스타일을 마이크로소프트에서 연유한 관습으로 생각한다는 것을 발견하고 깜짝 놀랐다!
+* (황재완) 프레드릭 브룩스 (Frederick P. Brooks) 의 고전인 [Man-Month 의 신화 (The Mythical Man-Month)]에서 몇몇 부분을 인용했다. 앞으로도 여러 관점에서 그의 통찰력을 발전시킬 수 있을 것이다. 애디슨-웨슬리(Addson-Wesley) 의 25주년 기념판 (ISBN 0-201-83595-9)을 추천한다.여기에는 그가 1986년에 쓴 글, ``은총알은 없다 (No Silver Bullet)''가 들어있다. 새 기념판은 매우 귀중한 20년 후의 회고를 담고 있다. 브룩스는 여기서 원문의 몇몇 판단이 시간이 흐름에 따라 옳지 않은 것으로 드러났다고 솔직하게 인정하고 있다. 나는 이 글을 대략 마무리 지은 후에 회고담을 읽어보았는데, 브룩스가 시장 스타일을 마이크로소프트에서 연유한 관습으로 생각한다는 것을 발견하고 깜짝 놀랐다!
 
 제랄드 M. 와인버그의 [컴퓨터 프로그래밍의 심리학 (The Psychology Of Computer Programming)] (New York, Van Nostrand Reinhold 1971) 은 비운의 개념인 ``자아를 내세우지 않는 프로그래밍'' 을 소개했다. ``명령의 원칙'' 이 무용지물이라는 것을 처음으로 깨달은 사람이 와인버그는 아니지만 그는 아마도 처음으로 그것을 인식하고 특별히 소프트웨어 개발과 관련하여 논지를 전개시킨 첫 번째 사람일 것이다.
 
@@ -1039,6 +1039,6 @@ Finally, I must admit that I very nearly called this essay ``The Cathedral and t
 ## Acknowledgements
 ## 감사의 글
 
-This essay was improved by conversations with a large number of people who helped debug it. Particular thanks to Jeff Dutky <dutky@wam.umd.edu>, who suggested the ``debugging is parallelizable'' formulation, and helped develop the analysis that proceeds from it. Also to Nancy Lebovitz <nancyl@universe.digex.net> for her suggestion that I emulate Weinberg by quoting Kropotkin. Perceptive criticisms also came from Joan Eslinger <wombat@kilimanjaro.engr.sgi.com> and Marty Franz <marty@net-link.net> of the General Technics list. Glen Vandenburg <glv@vanderburg.org> pointeed out the importance of self-selection in contributor populations and suggested the fruitful idea that much development rectifies `bugs of omission'; Daniel Upper <upper@peak.org> suggested the natural analogies for this. I'm grateful to the members of PLUG, the Philadelphia Linux User's group, for providing the first test audience for the first public version of this essay. Paula Matuszek <matusp00@mh.us.sbphrd.com> enlightened me about the practice of software management. Phil Hudson <phil.hudson@iname.com> reminded me that the social organization of the hacker culture mirrors the organization of its software, and vice-versa. John Buck <johnbuck@sea.ece.umassd.edu> pointed out that MATLAB makes an instructive parallel to Emacs. Russell Johnston <russjj@mail.com> brought me to consciousness about some of the mechanisms discussed in ``How Many Eyeballs Tame Complexity.'' Finally, Linus Torvalds's comments were helpful and his early endorsement very encouraging.
+(김주윤)This essay was improved by conversations with a large number of people who helped debug it. Particular thanks to Jeff Dutky <dutky@wam.umd.edu>, who suggested the ``debugging is parallelizable'' formulation, and helped develop the analysis that proceeds from it. Also to Nancy Lebovitz <nancyl@universe.digex.net> for her suggestion that I emulate Weinberg by quoting Kropotkin. Perceptive criticisms also came from Joan Eslinger <wombat@kilimanjaro.engr.sgi.com> and Marty Franz <marty@net-link.net> of the General Technics list. Glen Vandenburg <glv@vanderburg.org> pointeed out the importance of self-selection in contributor populations and suggested the fruitful idea that much development rectifies `bugs of omission'; Daniel Upper <upper@peak.org> suggested the natural analogies for this. I'm grateful to the members of PLUG, the Philadelphia Linux User's group, for providing the first test audience for the first public version of this essay. Paula Matuszek <matusp00@mh.us.sbphrd.com> enlightened me about the practice of software management. Phil Hudson <phil.hudson@iname.com> reminded me that the social organization of the hacker culture mirrors the organization of its software, and vice-versa. John Buck <johnbuck@sea.ece.umassd.edu> pointed out that MATLAB makes an instructive parallel to Emacs. Russell Johnston <russjj@mail.com> brought me to consciousness about some of the mechanisms discussed in ``How Many Eyeballs Tame Complexity.'' Finally, Linus Torvalds's comments were helpful and his early endorsement very encouraging.
 
 이 글은 많은 사람들과의 대화를 통해 잘못을 수정하는데 도움을 받았다. 특별히 제프 덧키(Jeff Dutky : <dutky@wam.umd.edu>) 에게 감사한다. 그는 ``디버깅은 병렬처리가 가능하다'' 는 말을 제안해 주었고 그로부터 이어지는 분석을 발전시키는데 도움을 주었다. 낸시 레보비츠(Nancy Lebovitz : <nancyl@univers.digex.net>) 에게도 감사한다. 그녀는 크로포트킨을 인용하여 내가 와인버그를 흉내내도록 도와주었다. General Technics 리스트의 조안 에슬링거 (Joan Eslinger <wombat@kilimanjaro.engr.sgi.com>) 와 마티 프란츠 (Marty Franz <marty@net-link.net>) 도 예리한 비판을 보내주었다. 폴 에거트 (Paul Eggert <eggert@twinsun.com>)는 GPL 과 시장 모델의 상충되는 점을 알려주었다. 이 글의 첫 번째 공개버전의 첫 번째 시험적인 청중이 되어준 필라델피아 리눅스 사용자 모임 (PLUG : Philadelphia LInux User's Group) 의 멤버들에게 감사한다. 마지막으로 리누스 토발즈의 논평은 도움이 되었으며 초기에 그가 해준 추천은 매우 격려가 되는 것이었다.